Although anybody can catch monkeypox, evidence from the most recent outbreak suggests increased levels of transmission among homosexual, bisexual, and other males who have sex with men, but not exclusively.
Although the virus is not officially classified as a sexually transmitted infection, it can be transferred through close and personal contact during sex.
In response, the UK Health Security Agency’s (UKHSA) immunization plan suggests giving the smallpox vaccine Imvanex to males who are at increased risk of exposure to monkeypox.
The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI), which was consulted on the vaccine’s eligibility requirements, has supported the plan.
The criteria for determining an individual’s eligibility would be similar to those used to determine who is eligible for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but would apply regardless of HIV status.
A therapist may recommend immunization for someone who, for example, has several partners, engages in group intercourse, or attends’sex on premises’ venues, according to the plan.
NHS England is expected to release information on how eligible people may get vaccinated in the near future. It is recommended that people wait until they are contacted before seeking the immunization.
Dr Mary Ramsay, Head of Immunisation at UKHSA, said:
Our extensive contact tracing work has helped to limit the spread of the monkeypox virus, but we are continuing to see a notable proportion of cases in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men. By expanding the vaccine offer to those at higher risk, we hope to break chains of transmission and help contain the outbreak.
Although most cases are mild, severe illness can occur in some people, so it is important we use the available vaccine to target groups where spread is ongoing. The NHS will soon set out details on how this will be delivered – so do not come forward for the vaccine yet.
In the meantime, everyone should continue to be alert to any new spots, ulcers or blisters on any part of their body, particularly if they’ve had close contact with a new partner. If you think you have these symptoms, avoid close contact with others and call NHS 111 or your local sexual health centre, though please phone ahead before attending.
Alex Sparrowhawk, Health Promotion Specialist at Terrence Higgins Trust, said:
This targeted vaccination programme is a positive move forward while the data still shows monkeypox is disproportionately affecting gay and bisexual men in the UK.
We encourage everyone, regardless of their sexuality, to be vigilant about new spots, ulcers and blisters. We are continuing to closely monitor the latest data in order to play our part in providing the latest guidance and health information on monkeypox, to empower the communities most affected to best protect their health.
Robbie de Santos, Director of Communications and External Affairs at Stonewall, said:
While we know anyone can catch monkeypox, we welcome the vaccine being offered to those gay and bi men who are eligible and currently at a higher risk of getting the virus.
It is important that gay and bi men get the vaccine when offered to protect themselves and others. Let’s help get the outbreak under control so we can all have a safe and happy pride season.